There's been some outdated polls asking this question... I have decided to bring this question up once again and with plenty of choices. You can only choose one, so choose wisely.
Nice poll, CPoC!
3rd place: Tails Adventure
Tails. His own island. His own adventure. Kickin' some crazy ducktail. Bombs. That's right: Tails + bombs. What more could you want?
2nd place: Sonic 2
Second game I ever played, and first for more than ten minutes. This game had everything. Even though I couldn't get past the second level for the better part of my childhood, it still entertained me to no end.
1st place: Sonic Aventure
I don't see much of a difference between this and SA:DX, except for the charm factor. But this game was the BEST. First game with a "real" storyline, first game with VAs, first awesome. It was GREAT. My favorite character: E102. Guy was B-A. Also a really poignant story. Amy's stages were the most suspenseful. Tails' stages were a lot of fun, with the racing and the flying and the flavin. Sonic, of course, was awesome, and I found Knuckles' stages really fun too. And then, there was Big... but anyway, the whole thing with the ancient echidnas was awesome. It was just a great game. Srsly.
Hahaha, this poll pwned me. I can't vote on my own poll, apparently.
For the record, though... my top choice would definitely be "Sonic the Hedgehog 3 & Knuckles". Classic Sonic style gameplay wrapped up in a HUGE game with a very good storyline. :) A close second would be Sonic CD.